IVF (In Vitro Fertilization): A Step Toward Parenthood
What Is IVF?
In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) is a fertility treatment that involves retrieving eggs from the ovaries, fertilizing them with sperm in a laboratory, and transferring the resulting embryo(s) into the uterus to achieve pregnancy.
Who Might Need IVF?
IVF can help individuals and couples facing:
- Blocked or damaged fallopian tubes
- Male factor infertility - low sperm count or motility
- Ovulation disorders or hormonal imbalances
- Endometriosis
- Unexplained infertility
- Advanced maternal age
- Genetic disorders - using PGT for screening
- Fertility preservation - e.g., prior to cancer treatment
The IVF Process
-
Initial Consultation & Testing
Hormone tests, ultrasound, semen analysis, and medical history review. -
Ovarian Stimulation
Hormonal injections for 8–14 days to stimulate the ovaries to produce multiple eggs. -
Egg Retrieval (Oocyte Collection)
Eggs are collected under sedation via a minor outpatient procedure. -
Fertilization
Eggs are fertilized with sperm in the lab - via conventional IVF or ICSI. -
Embryo Culture
Fertilized eggs develop into embryos over 3–6 days in the lab. -
Embryo Transfer
One or more embryos are transferred into the uterus. Remaining embryos may be frozen for future use. -
Pregnancy Test
Blood test 10–14 days later confirms if implantation was successful.
Success Rates
IVF success depends on factors like:
- Age - especially the age of the egg
- Embryo quality
- Underlying fertility diagnosis
- Lifestyle factors - e.g., smoking, weight
Pros of IVF
- Helps overcome various types of infertility
- Offers embryo screening for genetic conditions
- Can allow for fertility preservation